{"abstract":"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service or we) hereby changes the classification of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act). We establish three distinct population segments (DPS) for the gray wolf in the conterminous United States. Gray wolves in the Western DPS and the Eastern DPS are reclassified from endangered to threatened, except where already classified as threatened or as an experimental population. Gray wolves in the Southwestern DPS retain their previous endangered or experimental population status. All three existing gray wolf experimental population designations are retained and are not affected by this rule. Gray wolves are removed from the protections of the Act in all or parts of 16 southern and eastern States where the species historically did not occur. We establish a new special regulation under section 4(d) of the Act for the threatened Western DPS to increase our ability to respond to wolf-human conflicts outside the two experimental population areas in the Western DPS. A second section 4(d) special regulation applies provisions similar to those previously in effect in Minnesota to most of the Eastern DPS. We find that these special rules are necessary and advisable to provide for the conservation of the Western DPS and the Eastern DPS. The classification, under the Act, of captive gray wolves is determined by the location from which they, or their ancestors, were removed from the wild. This final rule does not affect the protection currently afforded by the Act to the red wolf (Canis rufus), a separate species found in the southeastern United States that is listed as endangered.","action":"Final rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR","name":"Interior Department","id":253,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/interior-department","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/253","parent_id":null,"slug":"interior-department"},{"raw_name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","id":197,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/fish-and-wildlife-service","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/197","parent_id":253,"slug":"fish-and-wildlife-service"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2003/04/01/03-7018.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":17,"title":50}],"citation":"68 FR 15804","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"This rule becomes effective April 1, 2003. The explanation of the need for an immediate effective date is found in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section under the heading Need for Immediate Implementation.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":[],"dockets":[],"document_number":"03-7018","effective_on":"2003-04-01","end_page":15875,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"explanation":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2003/04/01/03-7018.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2003/04/01/03-7018/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-final-rule-to-reclassify-and-remove-the-gray-wolf-from","images":{"ER01AP03.000":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER01AP03.000/ER01AP03.000_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER01AP03.000/ER01AP03.000_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER01AP03.000/ER01AP03.000_original_size.png"}},"images_metadata":{"ER01AP03.000":{"large":{"identifier":"ER01AP03.000","content_type":"image/png","size":110340,"width":823,"sha":"f4101921f4c31d72bc6c2eaa9480ccf2","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER01AP03.000/ER01AP03.000_large.png","height":1227},"medium":{"identifier":"ER01AP03.000","content_type":"image/png","size":54150,"width":524,"sha":"1824f7d896fddb5f3174802063437390","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER01AP03.000/ER01AP03.000_medium.png","height":781},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER01AP03.000","content_type":"image/png","size":508398,"width":3962,"sha":"3c3c49c7ce9f8114d5d82da5a650ed3d","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER01AP03.000/ER01AP03.000_original_size.png","height":5908}}},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/03-7018?publication_date=2003-04-01","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2003-04-01/03-7018/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":72,"page_views":{"count":484,"last_updated":"2026-04-04 16:15:04 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2003-04-01/pdf/03-7018.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":null,"publication_date":"2003-04-01","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2003/04/01/03-7018.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"1018-AF20":{"issue":"200210","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/1018-AF20/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-reclassification-of-the-gray-wolf-in-certain-parts-of-","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Reclassification of the Gray Wolf in Certain Parts of Its Range","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=200210&RIN=1018-AF20&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Substantive, Nonsignificant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["1018-AF20"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":false,"signing_date":null,"start_page":15804,"subtype":null,"title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Final Rule To Reclassify and Remove the Gray Wolf From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife in Portions of the Conterminous United States; Establishment of Two Special Regulations for Threatened Gray Wolves","toc_doc":"Gray wolf","toc_subject":"Endangered and threatened species:","topics":[],"type":"Rule","volume":68}