{"abstract":"The EPA is proposing national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for industrial/ commercial/institutional boilers and process heaters. The EPA has identified industrial/ commercial/institutional boilers and process heaters as major sources of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emissions. The proposed rule would implement section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) by requiring all major sources to meet HAP emissions standards reflecting the application of the maximum achievable control technology (MACT). The proposed rule would reduce HAP emissions by 58,000 tons per year, hydrogen chloride--a substance that is not considered to be a carcinogen--accounts for 42,000 tons per year (72 percent) of total HAP emissions reductions. The proposed rule would protect air quality and promote the public health by reducing emissions of some of the HAP listed in section 112(b)(1) of the CAA. The HAP emitted by facilities in the boiler and process heater source category include arsenic, cadmium, chromium, hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen fluoride, lead, manganese, mercury, and nickel. Exposure to these substances has been demonstrated to cause adverse health effects such as irritation to the lung, skin, and mucus membranes, effects on the central nervous system, kidney damage, and cancer. The adverse health effects associated with the exposure to these specific HAP are further described in this preamble. In general, these findings have only been shown with concentrations higher than those typically in the ambient air.","action":"Proposed rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","name":"Environmental Protection Agency","id":145,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/environmental-protection-agency","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/145","parent_id":null,"slug":"environmental-protection-agency"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2003/01/13/03-85.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":63,"title":40}],"citation":"68 FR 1660","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"Comments. Submit comments on or before March 14, 2003.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["OAR-2002-0058","FRL-7418-9"],"dockets":[],"document_number":"03-85","effective_on":null,"end_page":1763,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2003/01/13/03-85.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2003/01/13/03-85/national-emission-standards-for-hazardous-air-pollutants-for-industrialcommercialinstitutional","images":{"EP13JA03.002":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.002/EP13JA03.002_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.002/EP13JA03.002_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.002/EP13JA03.002_original_size.png"},"EP13JA03.001":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.001/EP13JA03.001_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.001/EP13JA03.001_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.001/EP13JA03.001_original_size.png"},"EP13JA03.000":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.000/EP13JA03.000_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.000/EP13JA03.000_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.000/EP13JA03.000_original_size.png"}},"images_metadata":{"EP13JA03.002":{"large":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.002","content_type":"image/png","size":3582,"width":448,"sha":"926345432c640224a122c3ada10e06b0","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.002/EP13JA03.002_large.png","height":77},"medium":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.002","content_type":"image/png","size":1311,"width":209,"sha":"fb0943045c5582602b28941f7c81c67d","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.002/EP13JA03.002_medium.png","height":36},"original_size":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.002","content_type":"image/png","size":973,"width":192,"sha":"54132b4af737d1b0d8f0fdf450b93ff5","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.002/EP13JA03.002_original_size.png","height":33}},"EP13JA03.001":{"large":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.001","content_type":"image/png","size":3381,"width":418,"sha":"c487b8142e376c99e3b548fb959d8f18","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.001/EP13JA03.001_large.png","height":77},"medium":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.001","content_type":"image/png","size":1321,"width":198,"sha":"c6457fe488d3ee68549e4835c5f2bced","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.001/EP13JA03.001_medium.png","height":37},"original_size":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.001","content_type":"image/png","size":912,"width":179,"sha":"563a06d7ba0c09e8d388a035f6abfcc6","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.001/EP13JA03.001_original_size.png","height":33}},"EP13JA03.000":{"large":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.000","content_type":"image/png","size":2815,"width":371,"sha":"b6f5a4e8303522f90fb997501750b9b1","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.000/EP13JA03.000_large.png","height":77},"medium":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.000","content_type":"image/png","size":1118,"width":176,"sha":"dcef980f3b5ae6e0b3eee89993805c0f","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.000/EP13JA03.000_medium.png","height":37},"original_size":{"identifier":"EP13JA03.000","content_type":"image/png","size":784,"width":159,"sha":"d5c78ab8e87d0297712c72b6ac597e61","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP13JA03.000/EP13JA03.000_original_size.png","height":33}}},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/03-85?publication_date=2003-01-13","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2003-01-13/03-85/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":104,"page_views":{"count":257,"last_updated":"2026-10-25 10:15:05 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2003-01-13/pdf/03-85.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":null,"publication_date":"2003-01-13","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2003/01/13/03-85.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"2060-AG69":{"issue":"200404","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2060-AG69/neshap-industrial-commercial-and-institutional-boilers-and-process-heaters","title":"NESHAP: Industrial, Commercial and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=200404&RIN=2060-AG69&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Economically Significant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["2060-AG69"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":true,"signing_date":null,"start_page":1660,"subtype":null,"title":"National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Industrial/Commercial/Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters","toc_doc":"Industrial/commercial/institutional boilers and process heaters","toc_subject":"Air pollutants, hazardous; national emission standards:","topics":["Administrative practice and procedure","Air pollution control","Environmental protection","Hazardous substances","Intergovernmental relations","Reporting and recordkeeping requirements"],"type":"Proposed Rule","volume":68}