{"abstract":"In today's action, EPA finds that 28 States and the District of Columbia contribute significantly to nonattainment of the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for fine particles (PM2.5) and/or 8-hour ozone in downwind States. The EPA is requiring these upwind States to revise their State implementation plans (SIPs) to include control measures to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and/or nitrogen oxides (NOX). Sulfur dioxide is a precursor to PM2.5 formation, and NOX is a precursor to both ozone and PM2.5 formation. Reducing upwind precursor emissions will assist the downwind PM2.5 and 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas in achieving the NAAQS. Moreover, attainment will be achieved in a more equitable, cost- effective manner than if each nonattainment area attempted to achieve attainment by implementing local emissions reductions alone. Based on State obligations to address interstate transport of pollutants under section 110(a)(2)(D) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), EPA is specifying statewide emissions reduction requirements for SO2 and NOX. The EPA is specifying that the emissions reductions be implemented in two phases. The first phase of NOX reductions starts in 2009 (covering 2009-2014) and the first phase of SO2 reductions starts in 2010 (covering 2010- 2014); the second phase of reductions for both NOX and SO2 starts in 2015 (covering 2015 and thereafter). The required emissions reductions requirements are based on controls that are known to be highly cost effective for electric generating units (EGUs). Today's action also includes model rules for multi-State cap and trade programs for annual SO2 and NOX emissions for PM2.5 and seasonal NOX emissions for ozone that States can choose to adopt to meet the required emissions reductions in a flexible and cost-effective manner. Today's action also includes revisions to the Acid Rain Program regulations under title IV of the CAA, particularly the regulatory provisions governing the SO2 cap and trade program. The revisions are made because they streamline the operation of the Acid Rain SO2 cap and trade program and/or facilitate the interaction of that cap and trade program with the model SO2 cap and trade program included in today's action. In addition, today's action provides for the NOX SIP Call cap and trade program to be replaced by the CAIR ozone-season NOX trading program.","action":"Final rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","name":"Environmental Protection Agency","id":145,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/environmental-protection-agency","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/145","parent_id":null,"slug":"environmental-protection-agency"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2005/05/12/05-5723.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":51,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":72,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":73,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":74,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":77,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":78,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":96,"title":40}],"citation":"70 FR 25162","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":"2006-09-11","correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"The effective date of today's action, except for the revisions to 40 CFR parts 72, 73, 74, and 77 of the Acid Rain Program regulations, is July 11, 2005. States must submit to EPA for approval enforceable plans for complying with the requirements of this rule by September 11, 2006. The effective date for today's revisions to 40 CFR parts 72, 73, 74, and 77 of the Acid Rain Program regulations is July 1, 2006.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["OAR-2003-0053","FRL-7885-9"],"dockets":[],"document_number":"05-5723","effective_on":"2005-07-11","end_page":25405,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2005/05/12/05-5723.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2005/05/12/05-5723/rule-to-reduce-interstate-transport-of-fine-particulate-matter-and-ozone-clean-air-interstate-rule","images":{"ER12MY05.004":{"original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.004/ER12MY05.004_original_size.gif"},"ER12MY05.003":{"original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.003/ER12MY05.003_original_size.gif"},"ER12MY05.000":{"original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.000/ER12MY05.000_original_size.gif"},"ER12MY05.002":{"original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.002/ER12MY05.002_original_size.gif"},"ER12MY05.001":{"original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.001/ER12MY05.001_original_size.gif"}},"images_metadata":{"ER12MY05.004":{"original_size":{"identifier":"ER12MY05.004","content_type":"image/gif","size":62217,"width":3598,"sha":"379822c45c5b630970e1b94389be9de5","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.004/ER12MY05.004_original_size.gif","height":2369}},"ER12MY05.003":{"original_size":{"identifier":"ER12MY05.003","content_type":"image/gif","size":65652,"width":3510,"sha":"68e8d2842969d65c6c128636d6d9a0b2","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.003/ER12MY05.003_original_size.gif","height":1993}},"ER12MY05.000":{"original_size":{"identifier":"ER12MY05.000","content_type":"image/gif","size":72251,"width":3646,"sha":"9b121e3c419fa3db1c68388cf97b85c5","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.000/ER12MY05.000_original_size.gif","height":2201}},"ER12MY05.002":{"original_size":{"identifier":"ER12MY05.002","content_type":"image/gif","size":123676,"width":3631,"sha":"9268f55bf3deefb38a32b3e87a617994","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.002/ER12MY05.002_original_size.gif","height":4803}},"ER12MY05.001":{"original_size":{"identifier":"ER12MY05.001","content_type":"image/gif","size":83618,"width":3438,"sha":"93e6bbae9fd1f2c752af2ee6a6e37544","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER12MY05.001/ER12MY05.001_original_size.gif","height":2801}}},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/05-5723?publication_date=2005-05-12","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2005-05-12/05-5723/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":244,"page_views":{"count":1326,"last_updated":"2024-03-28 02:15:06 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2005-05-12/pdf/05-5723.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":null,"publication_date":"2005-05-12","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2005/05/12/05-5723.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"2060-AL76":{"issue":"200404","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2060-AL76/clean-air-interstate-rule-formerly-titled-interstate-air-quality-rule","title":"Clean Air Interstate Rule; Formerly Titled Interstate Air Quality Rule","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=200404&RIN=2060-AL76&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Economically Significant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["2060-AL76"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2011-11-12T16:00:51Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":true,"signing_date":null,"start_page":25162,"subtype":null,"title":"Rule To Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone (Clean Air Interstate Rule); Revisions to Acid Rain Program; Revisions to the NOX SIP Call","toc_doc":"Fine particulate matter and ozone; interstate transport control measures","toc_subject":"Air programs:","topics":["Acid rain","Administrative practice and procedure","Air pollution control","Electric utilities","Intergovernmental relations","Nitrogen oxides","Ozone","Particulate matter","Reporting and recordkeeping requirements"],"type":"Rule","volume":70}