{"abstract":"Pursuant to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) program, this action lists carbon dioxide (CO<INF>2</INF>) or R-744, as acceptable substitute, subject to use conditions, in the motor vehicle air conditioning (MVAC) end-use for motor vehicles (i.e., passenger cars, light-duty and heavy- duty vehicles) within the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector. This final rule only concerns the use of CO<INF>2</INF> in MVAC systems designed specifically for the use of CO<INF>2</INF> refrigerant. The substitute is non-ozone-depleting and therefore does not contribute to stratospheric ozone depletion.","action":"Final rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","name":"Environmental Protection Agency","id":145,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/environmental-protection-agency","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/145","parent_id":null,"slug":"environmental-protection-agency"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2012/06/06/2012-13189.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":82,"title":40}],"citation":"77 FR 33315","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"This final rule is effective on August 6, 2012. The incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of May 31, 2011.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488","FRL-9668-8"],"dockets":[],"document_number":"2012-13189","effective_on":"2012-08-06","end_page":33331,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2012/06/06/2012-13189.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2012/06/06/2012-13189/protection-of-stratospheric-ozone-alternative-for-the-motor-vehicle-air-conditioning-sector-under","images":{},"images_metadata":{},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/2012-13189?publication_date=2012-06-06","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2012-06-06/2012-13189/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":17,"page_views":{"count":465,"last_updated":"2026-07-28 18:15:03 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2012-06-06/pdf/2012-13189.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2012-13189.pdf?1338912606","publication_date":"2012-06-06","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2012/06/06/2012-13189.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"2060-AM54":{"issue":"201110","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2060-AM54/protection-of-stratospheric-ozone-listing-of-substitutes-in-the-motor-vehicle-air-conditioning-secto","title":"Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Listing of Substitutes in the Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Sector Under the Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=201110&RIN=2060-AM54&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Other Significant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["2060-AM54"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"Document submited to conclude post E.O. 12866 review SNAP final rule on CO2 (R-744) in MVAC, Final Rule","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0100"},{"title":"Document submitted to initiate E.O. 12866 Review, SNAP Final Rule on CO2 (R-744) in Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0099"},{"title":"4/6/12 Email regarding completion of EO12866 review","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0098"},{"title":"2/7/12 Email from OP announcing date EO12866 received by OMB","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0097"},{"title":"1/25/12 Email from OP to Y. Cancel on E.O. 12866 revision","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0096"},{"title":"Response to Comments for the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Notice of Data Availability: Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Alternatives for the Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Sector under SNAP","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0095"},{"title":"The effect of moderately increased CO2 concentration on perception of coherent motion","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0093"},{"title":"Exaggerated Anxiety Is Not Unique to CO2 in Panic Disorder: A Comparison of Hypercapnic and Hypoxic Challenges","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0092"},{"title":"The effects of carbon dioxide on exercise-induced asthma: an unlikely explanation for the effects of Buteyko breathing training","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0091"},{"title":"Predicting Proximity of Driver Head and Thorax to the Steering Wheel","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488-0090"}],"regulatory_plan":{"html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2060-AM54/protection-of-stratospheric-ozone-listing-of-substitutes-in-the-motor-vehicle-air-conditioning-secto","title":"Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Listing of Substitutes in the Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Sector Under the Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program"},"comments_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/docketBrowser?rpp=50&so=DESC&sb=postedDate&po=0&dct=PS&D=EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488","supporting_documents_count":76,"docket_id":"EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0488","regulation_id_number":"2060-AM54","title":"Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program 2005","checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2012-06-26T08:20:03Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":true,"signing_date":null,"start_page":33315,"subtype":null,"title":"Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Alternative for the Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Sector Under the Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) Program","toc_doc":"Alternative for the Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Sector under the Significant New Alternatives Policy Program","toc_subject":"Protection of Stratospheric Ozone:","topics":["Air pollution control","Environmental protection","Reporting and recordkeeping requirements"],"type":"Rule","volume":77}