{"abstract":"In this document, known as a Candidate Notice of Review (CNOR), we, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), present an updated list of domestic plant and animal species that we regard as candidates for or have proposed for addition to the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. This document also includes our findings on resubmitted petitions and describes our progress in revising the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (Lists) during the period October 1, 2018, through September 30, 2020. Combined with other decisions for individual species that were published separately from this CNOR in the past year, the current number of domestic species that are candidates for listing is 11. Identification of candidate species can assist environmental planning efforts by providing advance notice of potential listings, and by allowing landowners and resource managers to alleviate threats and thereby possibly remove the need to list species as endangered or threatened. Even if we subsequently list a candidate species, the early notice provided here could result in more options for species management and recovery by prompting earlier candidate conservation measures to alleviate threats to the species. This document also adds the Sonoran desert tortoise back to the candidate list as a result of an August 3, 2020, court-approved settlement agreement.","action":"Notification of review.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR","name":"Interior Department","id":253,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/interior-department","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/253","parent_id":null,"slug":"interior-department"},{"raw_name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","id":197,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/fish-and-wildlife-service","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/197","parent_id":253,"slug":"fish-and-wildlife-service"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2020/11/16/2020-24198.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":"17","title":50}],"citation":"85 FR 73164","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"We will accept information on any of the species in this document at any time.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["Docket No. FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003","FF09E21000 FXES11110900000 212"],"dockets":[],"document_number":"2020-24198","effective_on":null,"end_page":73179,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2020/11/16/2020-24198.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/11/16/2020-24198/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-review-of-domestic-species-that-are-candidates-for","images":{},"images_metadata":{},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/2020-24198?publication_date=2020-11-16","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2020-11-16/2020-24198/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":16,"page_views":{"count":1852,"last_updated":"2026-09-22 12:15:07 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2020-11-16/pdf/2020-24198.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2020-24198.pdf?1605275116","publication_date":"2020-11-16","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2020/11/16/2020-24198.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{},"regulation_id_numbers":[],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"Gopher tortoise Candidate Assessment Form","document_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003-0006"},{"title":"Magnificent Ramshorn Candidate Assessment Form","document_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003-0005"},{"title":"Pariette cactus Candidate Assessment Form","document_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003-0004"},{"title":"Delta smelt Candidate Assessment Form","document_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003-0003"},{"title":"Longfin smelt Candidate Assessment Form","document_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003-0002"}],"comments_count":2,"agency_id":"FWS","comments_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/docketBrowser?rpp=50&so=DESC&sb=postedDate&po=0&dct=PS&D=FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003","supporting_documents_count":5,"docket_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003","document_id":"FWS-HQ-ES-2020-0003-0001","regulation_id_number":null,"title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Domestic Species That Are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notification of Findings on Resubmitted Petitions; Annual Description of Progress on Listing","checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2022-09-01T03:30:04Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":null,"signing_date":null,"start_page":73164,"subtype":null,"title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Domestic Species That Are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notification of Findings on Resubmitted Petitions; Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions","toc_doc":"Review of Domestic Species That Are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notification of Findings on Resubmitted Petitions; Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions","toc_subject":"Endangered and Threatened Species:\n","topics":[],"type":"Proposed Rule","volume":85}