{"abstract":"We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), are removing the plants island bedstraw (Galium buxifolium) and Santa Cruz Island dudleya (Dudleya nesiotica) from the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Plants on the basis of recovery. Both of these native plant species occur in the Channel Islands National Park off the coast of California. This final rule is based on our review of the best available scientific and commercial data, which indicates that the threats to island bedstraw and Santa Cruz Island dudleya have been eliminated or reduced to the point that these species have recovered and no longer meet the definition of an endangered or threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act).","action":"Final rule; final post-delisting monitoring plans.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR","name":"Interior Department","id":253,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/interior-department","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/253","parent_id":null,"slug":"interior-department"},{"raw_name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","id":197,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/fish-and-wildlife-service","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/197","parent_id":253,"slug":"fish-and-wildlife-service"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2023/11/07/2023-23937.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":"17","title":50}],"citation":"88 FR 76679","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"This rule is effective December 7, 2023.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["Docket No. FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066","FF09E22000 FXES1113090FEDR 223"],"dockets":[{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"20210128_final GABU SSA_post_PnP_final_20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0015"},{"title":"20210127_Final DUNE SSA combined Pand P reviews 20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0014"},{"title":"20200309_GABU fPDM plan 20220309","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0013"},{"title":"20230612a_fDL_LitCited_IslandBedstraw_SantaCruzIslandDudleya_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0012"},{"title":"20200309_DUNE fPDM plan 20220309","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0011"},{"title":"2000_Thirteen Plant Taxa from the Northern Channel Islands Recovery Plan_000926","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0007"},{"title":"20210127_Draft DUNE SSA combined Pand P reviews 20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0006"},{"title":"20210128_Draft GABU SSA_post_PnP_final_20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0005"},{"title":"GABU dPDM plan 20220317_clean","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0004"},{"title":"DUNE dPDM plan 20220317_clean","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0003"}],"agency_name":"FWS","documents":[{"comment_count":null,"comment_start_date":null,"updated_at":"2023-11-07T09:56:16.102-05:00","comment_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/commenton/FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0010","allow_late_comments":null,"id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0010","comment_end_date":null,"regulations_dot_gov_open_for_comment":false}],"supporting_documents_count":11,"id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing Island Bedstraw (Galium buxifolium) and Santa Cruz Island Dudleya (Dudleya nesiotica) from the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants and Draft Post-Delisting Monitoring Plan"}],"document_number":"2023-23937","effective_on":"2023-12-07","end_page":76696,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2023/11/07/2023-23937.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/11/07/2023-23937/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-removing-island-bedstraw-and-santa-cruz-island-dudleya","images":{"ER07NO23.000":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER07NO23.000/ER07NO23.000_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER07NO23.000/ER07NO23.000_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER07NO23.000/ER07NO23.000_original_size.png"}},"images_metadata":{"ER07NO23.000":{"large":{"identifier":"ER07NO23.000","content_type":"image/png","size":33214,"width":823,"sha":"fde9e99ffc30e38c535ffbe5f6041453","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER07NO23.000/ER07NO23.000_large.png","height":660},"medium":{"identifier":"ER07NO23.000","content_type":"image/png","size":13377,"width":458,"sha":"6d46d72520e92c71020f0a71d66d3c92","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER07NO23.000/ER07NO23.000_medium.png","height":367},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER07NO23.000","content_type":"image/png","size":743739,"width":3458,"sha":"f07817bc3465cdfbe38dee64511539c6","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER07NO23.000/ER07NO23.000_original_size.png","height":2774}}},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/2023-23937?publication_date=2023-11-07","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2023-11-07/2023-23937/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":18,"page_views":{"count":589,"last_updated":"2026-10-25 00:15:04 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-11-07/pdf/2023-23937.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2023-23937.pdf?1699278322","publication_date":"2023-11-07","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2023/11/07/2023-23937.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"1018-BF51":{"issue":"202310","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/1018-BF51/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-removing-island-bedstraw-and-santa-cruz-island-dudleya","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing Island Bedstraw and Santa Cruz Island Dudleya From the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202310&RIN=1018-BF51&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Substantive, Nonsignificant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["1018-BF51"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"20210128_final GABU SSA_post_PnP_final_20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0015"},{"title":"20210127_Final DUNE SSA combined Pand P reviews 20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0014"},{"title":"20200309_GABU fPDM plan 20220309","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0013"},{"title":"20230612a_fDL_LitCited_IslandBedstraw_SantaCruzIslandDudleya_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0012"},{"title":"20200309_DUNE fPDM plan 20220309","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0011"},{"title":"2000_Thirteen Plant Taxa from the Northern Channel Islands Recovery Plan_000926","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0007"},{"title":"20210127_Draft DUNE SSA combined Pand P reviews 20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0006"},{"title":"20210128_Draft GABU SSA_post_PnP_final_20210127_CLEAN","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0005"},{"title":"GABU dPDM plan 20220317_clean","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0004"},{"title":"DUNE dPDM plan 20220317_clean","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0003"}],"regulatory_plan":{"html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/1018-BF51/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-removing-island-bedstraw-and-santa-cruz-island-dudleya","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing Island Bedstraw and Santa Cruz Island Dudleya From the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants"},"comments_count":0,"agency_id":"FWS","comments_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/docketBrowser?rpp=50&so=DESC&sb=postedDate&po=0&dct=PS&D=FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066","supporting_documents_count":11,"docket_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2022-0066-0010","regulation_id_number":"1018-BF51","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing Island Bedstraw (Galium buxifolium) and Santa Cruz Island Dudleya (Dudleya nesiotica) from the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants and Draft Post-Delisting Monitoring Plan","checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2023-11-08T14:00:18Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":false,"signing_date":null,"start_page":76679,"subtype":null,"title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing Island Bedstraw and Santa Cruz Island Dudleya From the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants","toc_doc":"Removing Island Bedstraw and Santa Cruz Island Dudleya from the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants","toc_subject":"Endangered and Threatened Species:\n","topics":["Endangered and threatened species","Exports","Imports","Plants","Reporting and recordkeeping requirements","Transportation","Wildlife"],"type":"Rule","volume":88}