{"abstract":"We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), propose to list the northern distinct population segment (DPS) of the western spadefoot (Spea hammondii), an amphibian occurring in central and northern California, and the southern DPS of the western spadefoot, occurring in southern California and northwestern Mexico, as threatened DPSs under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Act), as amended. This determination serves as our 12-month finding on a petition to list the western spadefoot range-wide. After a review of the best scientific and commercial information available, we find that listing the northern and southern DPSs of the western spadefoot as threatened is warranted. Accordingly, we propose to list the northern and southern DPSs of the western spadefoot as threatened DPSs with a rule issued under section 4(d) of the Act (\"4(d) rule\"). If we finalize this rule as proposed, it would add the northern DPS and southern DPS of the western spadefoot to the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and extend the Act's protections to the two DPSs. Due to the current lack of data sufficient to perform required analyses, we conclude that the designation of critical habitat for the northern DPS and southern DPS of the western spadefoot is not determinable at this time.","action":"Proposed rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR","name":"Interior Department","id":253,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/interior-department","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/253","parent_id":null,"slug":"interior-department"},{"raw_name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","name":"Fish and Wildlife Service","id":197,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/fish-and-wildlife-service","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/197","parent_id":253,"slug":"fish-and-wildlife-service"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2023/12/05/2023-26579.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":"17","title":50}],"citation":"88 FR 84252","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":"2024-02-05","correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"We will accept comments received or postmarked on or before February 5, 2024. Comments submitted electronically using the Federal eRulemaking Portal (see ADDRESSES, below) must be received by 11:59 p.m. eastern time on the closing date. We must receive requests for a public hearing, in writing, at the address shown in FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT by January 19, 2024.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["Docket No. FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095","FF09E21000 FXES1111090FEDR 234"],"dockets":[{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"Feaver 1971","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0016"},{"title":"CA Dept  of Finance 2023 CA 2060 Projections","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0015"},{"title":"20230516_Western Spadefoot SSA_version 1.1","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0014"},{"title":"Duellmand and Trueb 1994","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0013"},{"title":"Baird 1859 SPHA","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0012"},{"title":"Burcham 1956","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0011"},{"title":"US Drought Monitor 2023 (Drought Classification)","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0010"},{"title":"CDFW 2015 (NCCPs W Spadefoot)","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0009"},{"title":"CDFW 2019_Special_Animals_List","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0008"},{"title":"California-Economic-Forecast-GB-2023-24","document_id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0007"}],"agency_name":"FWS","documents":[{"comment_count":36,"comment_start_date":"2023-12-05","updated_at":"2024-03-21T01:01:43.705-04:00","comment_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/commenton/FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0001","allow_late_comments":null,"id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095-0001","comment_end_date":"2024-02-06","regulations_dot_gov_open_for_comment":false}],"supporting_documents_count":15,"id":"FWS-R8-ES-2023-0095","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Threatened Status with Section 4(d) Rule for the Northern and Southern Distinct Population Segments of the Western Spadefoot"}],"document_number":"2023-26579","effective_on":null,"end_page":84278,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2023/12/05/2023-26579.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/12/05/2023-26579/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-threatened-status-with-section-4d-rule-for-the","images":{"EP05DE23.031":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.031/EP05DE23.031_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.031/EP05DE23.031_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.031/EP05DE23.031_original_size.png"},"EP05DE23.032":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.032/EP05DE23.032_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.032/EP05DE23.032_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.032/EP05DE23.032_original_size.png"}},"images_metadata":{"EP05DE23.031":{"large":{"identifier":"EP05DE23.031","content_type":"image/png","size":152670,"width":788,"sha":"7e49d1d8583804294395edf638a87713","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.031/EP05DE23.031_large.png","height":1159},"medium":{"identifier":"EP05DE23.031","content_type":"image/png","size":41932,"width":370,"sha":"89ca1457372d5f880b0bdb705109ff4e","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.031/EP05DE23.031_medium.png","height":545},"original_size":{"identifier":"EP05DE23.031","content_type":"image/png","size":89318,"width":1399,"sha":"a4208cedd67a2f122eada751fec09d7d","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.031/EP05DE23.031_original_size.png","height":2058}},"EP05DE23.032":{"large":{"identifier":"EP05DE23.032","content_type":"image/png","size":143487,"width":746,"sha":"c079182beca2fb893dc4598cd666b5ad","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.032/EP05DE23.032_large.png","height":1081},"medium":{"identifier":"EP05DE23.032","content_type":"image/png","size":34981,"width":351,"sha":"61fbd7cff293bade8c0307acd7d578cb","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.032/EP05DE23.032_medium.png","height":509},"original_size":{"identifier":"EP05DE23.032","content_type":"image/png","size":82830,"width":1324,"sha":"0e69141f43992fba22eae3883e7bfcff","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/EP05DE23.032/EP05DE23.032_original_size.png","height":1919}}},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/2023-26579?publication_date=2023-12-05","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2023-12-05/2023-26579/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":27,"page_views":{"count":1411,"last_updated":"2026-09-20 16:15:04 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-12-05/pdf/2023-26579.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2023-26579.pdf?1701697521","publication_date":"2023-12-05","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2023/12/05/2023-26579.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"1018-BF06":{"issue":"202410","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/1018-BF06/endangered-and-threatened-wildlife-and-plants-threatened-status-with-section-4-d-rule-for-western-sp","title":"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 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