{"abstract":"In December 2023, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requested comment on the proposed the Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI), which informed the revisions to the National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) for lead and copper. After consideration of public comment on the LCRI, and consistent with the provisions set forth under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), the EPA is finalizing revisions to the NPDWR for lead and copper. In this rule, the agency is finalizing requirements for drinking water systems to replace lead and certain galvanized service lines. The final rule also removes the lead trigger level, reduces the lead action level to 0.010 mg/L, and strengthens tap sampling procedures to improve public health protection and simplify implementation relative to the 2021 Lead and Copper Rule Revisions (LCRR). Further, this final rule strengthens corrosion control treatment, public education and consumer awareness, requirements for small systems, and sampling in schools and child care facilities. The final rule will significantly reduce the adverse human health impacts of exposure to toxic lead in drinking water.","action":"Final rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","name":"Environmental Protection Agency","id":145,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/environmental-protection-agency","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/145","parent_id":null,"slug":"environmental-protection-agency"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2024/10/30/2024-23549.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":"141","title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":"142","title":40}],"citation":"89 FR 86418","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"Effective date: This final rule is effective on December 30, 2024.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801","FRL-5423.2-02-OW"],"dockets":[{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"An Assessment of the Vulnerability of Non-Community Water Systems to SDWA Cost Increases","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2647"},{"title":"The Cadmus Group, LLC (2024). Memorandum from the Cadmus Group, LLC to USEPA, OGWDW, USEPA, regarding the Comparison of Estimate of Cost of Lead Service Line Replacements using 7th DWINSA and CMD Smith Data. September 12, 2024","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2633"},{"title":"Bureau of Labor Statistics (2023). May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates. NAICS 237100 - Utility System Construction","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2630"},{"title":"USEPA (2023) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2021. [EPA 430-R-23-002","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2627"},{"title":"USEPA (2023). Regulatory Impact Analysis for Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review. EPA-452/R-23-013. December 2023.","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2626"},{"title":"USEPA (2023). Supplementary Material for the Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Rulemaking, Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review: EPA Report on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases: Estimates Incorporating Recent Scientific Advances. November 2023.","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2625"},{"title":"USEPA (2024). Users Guide for the All Ages Lead Model (AALM) version 3.0. EPA 600/B-23/345. February 2024","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2623"},{"title":"Burden and Costs for Updating the Service Line Inventory and Performing Validations of Non-Lead Service Lines","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2571"},{"title":"Clark et al. (2015) Lead Release to Drinking Water from Galvanized Steel Pipe Coatings. Journal Article","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2517"},{"title":"Marcus, M. (2020). Testing the water: Drinking water quality, public notification, and child outcomes. Journal Article","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2498"}],"agency_name":"EPA","documents":[{"comment_count":null,"comment_start_date":null,"updated_at":"2024-10-30T09:56:44.940-04:00","comment_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/commenton/EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2280","allow_late_comments":false,"id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2280","comment_end_date":null,"regulations_dot_gov_open_for_comment":false}],"supporting_documents_count":1316,"id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801","title":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Lead and Copper Rule Improvements"}],"document_number":"2024-23549","effective_on":"2024-12-30","end_page":86667,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"explanation":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2024/10/30/2024-23549.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/10/30/2024-23549/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations-for-lead-and-copper-improvements-lcri","images":{},"images_metadata":{},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/2024-23549?publication_date=2024-10-30","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2024-10-30/2024-23549/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":250,"page_views":{"count":20359,"last_updated":"2026-05-29 12:15:10 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2024-10-30/pdf/2024-23549.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2024-23549.pdf?1729264518","publication_date":"2024-10-30","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2024/10/30/2024-23549.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"2040-AG16":{"issue":"202410","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2040-AG16/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations-for-lead-and-copper-improvements-lcri-","title":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for Lead and Copper: Improvements (LCRI)","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202410&RIN=2040-AG16&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Section 3(f)(1) Significant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["2040-AG16"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"supporting_documents":[{"title":"An Assessment of the Vulnerability of Non-Community Water Systems to SDWA Cost Increases","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2647"},{"title":"The Cadmus Group, LLC (2024). Memorandum from the Cadmus Group, LLC to USEPA, OGWDW, USEPA, regarding the Comparison of Estimate of Cost of Lead Service Line Replacements using 7th DWINSA and CMD Smith Data. September 12, 2024","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2633"},{"title":"Bureau of Labor Statistics (2023). May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates. NAICS 237100 - Utility System Construction","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2630"},{"title":"USEPA (2023) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2021. [EPA 430-R-23-002","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2627"},{"title":"USEPA (2023). Regulatory Impact Analysis for Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review. EPA-452/R-23-013. December 2023.","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2626"},{"title":"USEPA (2023). Supplementary Material for the Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Rulemaking, Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review: EPA Report on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases: Estimates Incorporating Recent Scientific Advances. November 2023.","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2625"},{"title":"USEPA (2024). Users Guide for the All Ages Lead Model (AALM) version 3.0. EPA 600/B-23/345. February 2024","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2623"},{"title":"Burden and Costs for Updating the Service Line Inventory and Performing Validations of Non-Lead Service Lines","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2571"},{"title":"Clark et al. (2015) Lead Release to Drinking Water from Galvanized Steel Pipe Coatings. Journal Article","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2517"},{"title":"Marcus, M. (2020). Testing the water: Drinking water quality, public notification, and child outcomes. Journal Article","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2498"}],"comments_count":0,"agency_id":"EPA","comments_url":"https://www.regulations.gov/docketBrowser?rpp=50&so=DESC&sb=postedDate&po=0&dct=PS&D=EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801","supporting_documents_count":1316,"docket_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801","document_id":"EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0801-2280","regulation_id_number":null,"title":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Lead and Copper Rule Improvements","checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2024-10-31T13:00:22Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":false,"signing_date":null,"start_page":86418,"subtype":null,"title":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for Lead and Copper: Improvements (LCRI)","toc_doc":"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for Lead and Copper: Improvements","toc_subject":null,"topics":["Administrative practice and procedure","Copper","Environmental protection","Indians-lands","Intergovernmental relations","Lead","Reporting and recordkeeping requirements","Water supply"],"type":"Rule","volume":89}