{"abstract":"EPA is adopting controls on gasoline, passenger vehicles, and portable fuel containers (primarily gas cans) that will significantly reduce emissions of benzene and other hazardous air pollutants (\"mobile source air toxics\"). Benzene is a known human carcinogen, and mobile sources are responsible for the majority of benzene emissions. The other mobile source air toxics are known or suspected to cause cancer or other serious health effects. We are limiting the benzene content of gasoline to an annual refinery average of 0.62% by volume, beginning in 2011. In addition, for gasoline, we are establishing a maximum average standard for refineries of 1.3% by volume beginning on July 1, 2012, which acts as an upper limit on gasoline benzene content when credits are used to meet the 0.62 volume % standard. We are also limiting exhaust emissions of hydrocarbons from passenger vehicles when they are operated at cold temperatures. This standard will be phased in from 2010 to 2015. For passenger vehicles, we are also adopting evaporative emissions standards that are equivalent to those currently in effect in California. Finally, we are adopting a hydrocarbon emissions standard for portable fuel containers beginning in 2009, which will reduce evaporation and spillage of gasoline from these containers. These controls will significantly reduce emissions of benzene and other mobile source air toxics such as 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and naphthalene. There will be additional substantial benefits to public health and welfare because of significant reductions in emissions of particulate matter from passenger vehicles.","action":"Final rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","name":"Environmental Protection Agency","id":145,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/environmental-protection-agency","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/145","parent_id":null,"slug":"environmental-protection-agency"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2007/02/26/E7-2667.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":59,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":80,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":85,"title":40},{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":86,"title":40}],"citation":"72 FR 8428","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"This rule is effective on April 27, 2007.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0036","FRL-8278-4"],"dockets":[],"document_number":"E7-2667","effective_on":"2007-04-27","end_page":8570,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2007/02/26/E7-2667.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2007/02/26/E7-2667/control-of-hazardous-air-pollutants-from-mobile-sources","images":{"ER26FE07.009":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.009/ER26FE07.009_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.009/ER26FE07.009_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.009/ER26FE07.009_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.008":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.008/ER26FE07.008_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.008/ER26FE07.008_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.008/ER26FE07.008_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.007":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.007/ER26FE07.007_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.007/ER26FE07.007_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.007/ER26FE07.007_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.006":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.006/ER26FE07.006_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.006/ER26FE07.006_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.006/ER26FE07.006_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.017":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.017/ER26FE07.017_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.017/ER26FE07.017_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.017/ER26FE07.017_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.005":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.005/ER26FE07.005_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.005/ER26FE07.005_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.005/ER26FE07.005_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.016":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.016/ER26FE07.016_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.016/ER26FE07.016_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.016/ER26FE07.016_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.004":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.004/ER26FE07.004_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.004/ER26FE07.004_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.004/ER26FE07.004_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.015":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.015/ER26FE07.015_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.015/ER26FE07.015_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.015/ER26FE07.015_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.003":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.003/ER26FE07.003_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.003/ER26FE07.003_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.003/ER26FE07.003_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.014":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.014/ER26FE07.014_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.014/ER26FE07.014_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.014/ER26FE07.014_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.002":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.002/ER26FE07.002_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.002/ER26FE07.002_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.002/ER26FE07.002_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.013":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.013/ER26FE07.013_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.013/ER26FE07.013_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.013/ER26FE07.013_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.001":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.001/ER26FE07.001_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.001/ER26FE07.001_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.001/ER26FE07.001_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.012":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.012/ER26FE07.012_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.012/ER26FE07.012_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.012/ER26FE07.012_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.000":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.000/ER26FE07.000_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.000/ER26FE07.000_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.000/ER26FE07.000_original_size.png"},"ER26FE07.010":{"large":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.010/ER26FE07.010_large.png","medium":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.010/ER26FE07.010_medium.png","original_size":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.010/ER26FE07.010_original_size.png"}},"images_metadata":{"ER26FE07.009":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.009","content_type":"image/png","size":23453,"width":823,"sha":"9da5cabc06af0bb61757750623dc0d4b","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.009/ER26FE07.009_large.png","height":588},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.009","content_type":"image/png","size":11019,"width":490,"sha":"a4417c5c43327524a514c9d814803c12","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.009/ER26FE07.009_medium.png","height":350},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.009","content_type":"image/png","size":37193,"width":3703,"sha":"f35e29c68fbf2037d2808e7868ce6e20","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.009/ER26FE07.009_original_size.png","height":2646}},"ER26FE07.008":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.008","content_type":"image/png","size":38358,"width":823,"sha":"820408e647fa489637a8dee3286974cd","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.008/ER26FE07.008_large.png","height":623},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.008","content_type":"image/png","size":17626,"width":509,"sha":"1b0c5414f168a3f4eab4fed148771c86","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.008/ER26FE07.008_medium.png","height":385},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.008","content_type":"image/png","size":83360,"width":3843,"sha":"89ed97b6106c53bdafcec8af2da048c0","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.008/ER26FE07.008_original_size.png","height":2909}},"ER26FE07.007":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.007","content_type":"image/png","size":28548,"width":823,"sha":"a322257cd64fac6bdae3016eed05bfbc","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.007/ER26FE07.007_large.png","height":613},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.007","content_type":"image/png","size":13688,"width":506,"sha":"b526c2971c54c3131510fdefbbc7b3e7","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.007/ER26FE07.007_medium.png","height":377},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.007","content_type":"image/png","size":45410,"width":3819,"sha":"e81ede28b6dccccd1c93e62f2d392449","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.007/ER26FE07.007_original_size.png","height":2845}},"ER26FE07.006":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.006","content_type":"image/png","size":28275,"width":823,"sha":"021cf5b28b94738b36a6c81dc3f72cc7","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.006/ER26FE07.006_large.png","height":610},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.006","content_type":"image/png","size":14897,"width":519,"sha":"e4a536e0053b3e2601566f2e690d3676","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.006/ER26FE07.006_medium.png","height":385},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.006","content_type":"image/png","size":48225,"width":3923,"sha":"d84bdb23834e82ebfc35c67786c87d06","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.006/ER26FE07.006_original_size.png","height":2908}},"ER26FE07.017":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.017","content_type":"image/png","size":2061,"width":243,"sha":"d790ac5c113bcaa6b8f0a6f4c87bd392","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.017/ER26FE07.017_large.png","height":77},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.017","content_type":"image/png","size":746,"width":113,"sha":"fb64151575560173d08f761f1569f85c","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.017/ER26FE07.017_medium.png","height":36},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.017","content_type":"image/png","size":570,"width":104,"sha":"d8c194955d6efae194358e4b72d692b8","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.017/ER26FE07.017_original_size.png","height":33}},"ER26FE07.005":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.005","content_type":"image/png","size":25326,"width":823,"sha":"9832dd961b75a9e152ebc9fade75fa9c","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.005/ER26FE07.005_large.png","height":624},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.005","content_type":"image/png","size":11346,"width":472,"sha":"aedfc924943d059f7806c4e39bf75d50","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.005/ER26FE07.005_medium.png","height":358},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.005","content_type":"image/png","size":37628,"width":3570,"sha":"101f303f3ddc01abcc0a66ca7b3f09f9","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.005/ER26FE07.005_original_size.png","height":2705}},"ER26FE07.016":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.016","content_type":"image/png","size":2190,"width":184,"sha":"ba4752473a93643ce04bc9368d248f08","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.016/ER26FE07.016_large.png","height":133},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.016","content_type":"image/png","size":853,"width":87,"sha":"9c56a8e745070ed240f6d57c6e0a5371","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.016/ER26FE07.016_medium.png","height":63},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.016","content_type":"image/png","size":593,"width":79,"sha":"3dccfe7cf9f283e3d31862f92b3db20b","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.016/ER26FE07.016_original_size.png","height":57}},"ER26FE07.004":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.004","content_type":"image/png","size":29241,"width":823,"sha":"7379ab34591da5a7edebfb3cacd2ff7a","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.004/ER26FE07.004_large.png","height":610},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.004","content_type":"image/png","size":15021,"width":520,"sha":"b3f298acb0825ff9ba736922f724e34d","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.004/ER26FE07.004_medium.png","height":385},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.004","content_type":"image/png","size":49856,"width":3926,"sha":"65a25502731e3ebe541d177a5ad0ca92","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.004/ER26FE07.004_original_size.png","height":2909}},"ER26FE07.015":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.015","content_type":"image/png","size":2067,"width":259,"sha":"801dcbc1417d80d365ecd64535411edb","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.015/ER26FE07.015_large.png","height":77},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.015","content_type":"image/png","size":920,"width":123,"sha":"0ec4d4c0fda9d85c3b3dcb3d66419827","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.015/ER26FE07.015_medium.png","height":37},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.015","content_type":"image/png","size":564,"width":111,"sha":"d55a1a419f71a3969b78d692b6f642e1","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.015/ER26FE07.015_original_size.png","height":33}},"ER26FE07.003":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.003","content_type":"image/png","size":38370,"width":823,"sha":"b15819e5b2644274aec09f0ff7dcb253","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.003/ER26FE07.003_large.png","height":615},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.003","content_type":"image/png","size":19555,"width":502,"sha":"582e6ab49bb0f4bf6a51a12e8a747c59","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.003/ER26FE07.003_medium.png","height":375},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.003","content_type":"image/png","size":71574,"width":3792,"sha":"0ba81b77e41d1d8bf994afb7cafd64fb","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.003/ER26FE07.003_original_size.png","height":2832}},"ER26FE07.014":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.014","content_type":"image/png","size":2166,"width":244,"sha":"8713be42ce16d2e48382f3a68741a26c","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.014/ER26FE07.014_large.png","height":68},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.014","content_type":"image/png","size":724,"width":115,"sha":"96572f1f499dd3e27a282d42a36b0129","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.014/ER26FE07.014_medium.png","height":32},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.014","content_type":"image/png","size":570,"width":104,"sha":"55abb539a8f5ebf284fbdc307717d4c4","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.014/ER26FE07.014_original_size.png","height":29}},"ER26FE07.002":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.002","content_type":"image/png","size":38058,"width":823,"sha":"debaa3d39525462999e1abd775cea420","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.002/ER26FE07.002_large.png","height":611},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.002","content_type":"image/png","size":18783,"width":511,"sha":"da524f2388d361aec738d9d5c06c6d20","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.002/ER26FE07.002_medium.png","height":380},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.002","content_type":"image/png","size":100035,"width":3861,"sha":"1b41c1598680e84a6dab58896bceeb4e","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.002/ER26FE07.002_original_size.png","height":2868}},"ER26FE07.013":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.013","content_type":"image/png","size":2968,"width":371,"sha":"bd8a2cc43fe028f60abed2265cfb1bb9","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.013/ER26FE07.013_large.png","height":77},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.013","content_type":"image/png","size":1131,"width":176,"sha":"86e1804bb2b712f77ad870dad311e32d","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.013/ER26FE07.013_medium.png","height":37},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.013","content_type":"image/png","size":701,"width":159,"sha":"0e229ab6bc71e885843dccb62cf2462c","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.013/ER26FE07.013_original_size.png","height":33}},"ER26FE07.001":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.001","content_type":"image/png","size":33017,"width":823,"sha":"b9710299dcb27289edf555cb2eba9bf7","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.001/ER26FE07.001_large.png","height":622},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.001","content_type":"image/png","size":12726,"width":474,"sha":"8caadea06f391dd0e6d94493067c89f1","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.001/ER26FE07.001_medium.png","height":358},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.001","content_type":"image/png","size":49293,"width":3576,"sha":"513cf0a1ae1620e9e85d4b8d243ddbde","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.001/ER26FE07.001_original_size.png","height":2702}},"ER26FE07.012":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.012","content_type":"image/png","size":2195,"width":178,"sha":"6df5afe76c03944a339a2baab49b7f7b","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.012/ER26FE07.012_large.png","height":134},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.012","content_type":"image/png","size":870,"width":84,"sha":"8d16586d93359135f2cbfa0bd208e808","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.012/ER26FE07.012_medium.png","height":63},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.012","content_type":"image/png","size":583,"width":76,"sha":"1c52395567874d95b83b0a31cb406b1c","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.012/ER26FE07.012_original_size.png","height":57}},"ER26FE07.000":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.000","content_type":"image/png","size":25011,"width":823,"sha":"47f19a7df10dc746a02e93043a5e7634","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.000/ER26FE07.000_large.png","height":663},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.000","content_type":"image/png","size":14290,"width":492,"sha":"af1670177fd1c2ef8eb419337b4b97b2","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.000/ER26FE07.000_medium.png","height":397},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.000","content_type":"image/png","size":46780,"width":3720,"sha":"b86f3b1c837c9e1a46ed51df292da4aa","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.000/ER26FE07.000_original_size.png","height":2998}},"ER26FE07.010":{"large":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.010","content_type":"image/png","size":28939,"width":823,"sha":"69d360f661e8481b60782daa73ea0754","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.010/ER26FE07.010_large.png","height":647},"medium":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.010","content_type":"image/png","size":13164,"width":475,"sha":"238c9daed58c77c403ed0f52d5939423","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.010/ER26FE07.010_medium.png","height":373},"original_size":{"identifier":"ER26FE07.010","content_type":"image/png","size":48877,"width":3580,"sha":"c5161535346f5768dbf3273179a6e118","url":"https://img.federalregister.gov/ER26FE07.010/ER26FE07.010_original_size.png","height":2814}}},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/E7-2667?publication_date=2007-02-26","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2007-02-26/E7-2667/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":143,"page_views":{"count":1985,"last_updated":"2026-06-10 20:15:04 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2007-02-26/pdf/E7-2667.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":null,"publication_date":"2007-02-26","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2007/02/26/E7-2667.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"2060-AK70":{"issue":"200404","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2060-AK70/control-of-hazardous-air-pollutants-from-mobile-sources","title":"Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants From Mobile Sources","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=200404&RIN=2060-AK70&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Substantive, Nonsignificant"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["2060-AK70"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2011-11-12T21:00:11Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":false,"signing_date":null,"start_page":8428,"subtype":null,"title":"Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants From Mobile Sources","toc_doc":"Benzene and other mobile source air toxics emissions reduction; gasoline passenger vehicles, and portable gasoline containers controls","toc_subject":"Air pollution control:","topics":["Administrative practice and procedure","Air pollution control","Confidential business information","Environmental protection","Fuel additives","Gasoline","Imports","Incorporation by reference","Labeling","Motor vehicle pollution","Penalties","Reporting and recordkeeping requirements","Research","Warranties"],"type":"Rule","volume":72}