{"abstract":"The FAA is revising an existing airworthiness directive (AD) that applies to Sandel Avionics Incorporated Model ST3400 TAWS/RMI units as described above. The existing AD currently requires installing a warning placard on the TAWS/RMI and revising the Limitations section of the airplane flight manual (AFM). The existing AD also requires installing upgraded software in the TAWS/RMI. This new AD allows installing later revisions of the software described in the existing AD. This AD results from a report that an in-flight bearing error occurred in a Model ST3400 TAWS/RMI configured to receive bearing information from a very high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR) receiver interface via a composite video signal, due to a combination of input signal fault and software error. We are issuing this AD to prevent a bearing error, which could lead to an airplane departing from its scheduled flight path, which could result in a reduction in separation from, and a possible collision with, other aircraft or terrain.","action":"Final rule.","agencies":[{"raw_name":"DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION","name":"Transportation Department","id":492,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/transportation-department","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/492","parent_id":null,"slug":"transportation-department"},{"raw_name":"Federal Aviation Administration","name":"Federal Aviation Administration","id":159,"url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/federal-aviation-administration","json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/agencies/159","parent_id":492,"slug":"federal-aviation-administration"}],"body_html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/html/2008/06/13/E8-13165.html","cfr_references":[{"chapter":null,"citation_url":null,"part":39,"title":14}],"citation":"73 FR 33663","comment_url":null,"comments_close_on":null,"correction_of":null,"corrections":[],"dates":"This AD is effective July 18, 2008.","disposition_notes":null,"docket_ids":["Docket No. FAA-2007-0290","Directorate Identifier 2007-NM-250-AD","Amendment 39-15557","AD 2006-16-18 R1"],"dockets":[],"document_number":"E8-13165","effective_on":"2008-07-18","end_page":33665,"executive_order_notes":null,"executive_order_number":null,"full_text_xml_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/xml/2008/06/13/E8-13165.xml","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2008/06/13/E8-13165/airworthiness-directives-sandel-avionics-incorporated-model-st3400-terrain-awareness-warning","images":{},"images_metadata":{},"json_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/api/v1/documents/E8-13165?publication_date=2008-06-13","mods_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/metadata/granule/FR-2008-06-13/E8-13165/mods.xml","not_received_for_publication":null,"page_length":3,"page_views":{"count":262,"last_updated":"2026-08-26 10:15:07 -0400"},"pdf_url":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2008-06-13/pdf/E8-13165.pdf","presidential_document_number":null,"proclamation_number":null,"public_inspection_pdf_url":null,"publication_date":"2008-06-13","raw_text_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/full_text/text/2008/06/13/E8-13165.txt","regulation_id_number_info":{"2120-AA64":{"issue":"202410","html_url":"https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2120-AA64/airworthiness-directives","title":"Airworthiness Directives","xml_url":"http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202410&RIN=2120-AA64&operation=OPERATION_EXPORT_XML","priority_category":"Routine and Frequent"}},"regulation_id_numbers":["2120-AA64"],"regulations_dot_gov_info":{"checked_regulationsdotgov_at":"2011-11-14T07:21:39Z"},"regulations_dot_gov_url":null,"significant":false,"signing_date":null,"start_page":33663,"subtype":null,"title":"Airworthiness Directives; Sandel Avionics Incorporated Model ST3400 Terrain Awareness Warning System/Radio Magnetic Indicator (TAWS/RMI) Units Approved Under Technical Standard Order(s) C113, C151a, or C151b; Installed on Various Small and Transport Category Airplanes","toc_doc":"Sandel Avionics Incorporated Model ST3400 Terrain Awareness Warning System/Radio Magnetic Indicator Units","toc_subject":"Airworthiness Directives:","topics":["Air transportation","Aircraft","Aviation safety","Incorporation by reference","Safety"],"type":"Rule","volume":73}