SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Notice is here given in accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the completion of an inventory of human remains and associated funerary object under the control of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. The human remains and associated funerary object were removed from the Shomish Gravel Pit site (20CL31) in Clinton County, MI.

This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and 43 CFR 10.11(d). The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the museum, institution, or Federal agency that has control of the Native American human remains and associated funerary object. The National Park Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.

Consultation

A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by the University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology (UMMAA) professional staff in consultation with representatives of the Bay Mills Indian Community, Michigan; Chippewa Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation, Montana (previously listed as the Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy's Reservation, Montana); Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians, Michigan; Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, Michigan; Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Michigan; Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota (Six component reservations: Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake); Fond du Lac Band; Grand Portage Band; Leech Lake Band; ( printed page 7115) Mille Lacs Band; White Earth Band); Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan; and the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, Michigan, hereafter referred to as “The Consulted Tribes.”

Requests for consultation were also sent to the Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians of the Bad River Reservation, Wisconsin; Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of the Lac du Flambeau Reservation of Wisconsin; Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, Minnesota (Six component reservations: Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake); Fond du Lac Band; Grand Portage Band; Leech Lake Band; Mille Lacs Band; White Earth Band); Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, Minnesota; Sokaogon Chippewa Community, Wisconsin; St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin; and the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota, hereafter referred to as “The Invited Tribes.”

History and Description of the Remains

In October 1951, human remains representing, at minimum, seven individuals were removed from the Shomish Gravel Pit site (20CL31) in Clinton County, MI. The human remains and a conch shell mask were found during gravel operations, and were donated to the UMMAA by the local sheriff on October 31, 1951. The seven individuals include one child, three-and-a-half to seven years old, with possible congenital treponema; one child, two to four years old, with possible congenital treponema; one child, six to 10 years old; one infant one to two years old, with possible congenital treponema; two older adults, both of whom had osteoarthritis; and one neonate, with a possible underlying infection. The burials have been dated to the late pre-contact era (A.D. 1400 to 1600), based on the associated funerary object. No known individuals were identified. The one associated funerary object is an inverted pear-shaped conch shell mask with two drilled holes for eyes and a possible stylized nose, and is believed to have been placed with one of the children buried at the site.

Determinations Made by the University of Michigan

Officials of the University of Michigan have determined that:

• Pursuant to25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described in this notice are Native American based on cranial morphology, dental traits, accession documentation, and archeological context.
• Pursuant to25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described in this notice represent the physical remains of seven individuals of Native American ancestry.
• Pursuant to25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), the one object described in this notice is reasonably believed to have been placed with or near individual human remains at the time of death or later as part of the death rite or ceremony.
• Pursuant to25 U.S.C. 3001(2), a relationship of shared group identity cannot be reasonably traced between the Native American human remains and associated funerary object and any present-day Indian Tribe.
• According to final judgments of the Indian Claims Commission or the Court of Federal Claims, the land from which the Native American human remains and associated funerary object were removed is the aboriginal land of the Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan.
• Treaties, Acts of Congress, or Executive Orders, indicate that the land from which the Native American human remains and associated funerary object were removed is the aboriginal land of The Consulted Tribes and The Invited Tribes.
• Pursuant to43 CFR 10.11(c)(1), the disposition of the human remains and associated funerary objects may be to The Consulted Tribes and The Invited Tribes.

Additional Requestors and Disposition

Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization not identified in this notice that wish to request transfer of control of these human remains and associated funerary object should submit a written request with information in support of this request to Dr. Ben Secunda, NAGPRA Project Manager, University of Michigan, Office of Research, 4080 Fleming Building, 503 South Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1340, telephone (734) 647-9085, email bsecunda@umich.edu, before April 1, 2019. After that date, if no additional requestors have come forward, transfer of control of the human remains and associated funerary object to The Consulted Tribes and The Invited Tribes may proceed.

The University of Michigan is responsible for notifying The Consulted Tribes and The Invited Tribes that this notice has been published.